This research trial studies neuropsychological (learning, remembering or thinking) and behavioral outcomes in children and adolescents with cancer by collecting information over time from a series of tests.

This study gathers health information for the Project: Every Child for younger patients with cancer. Gathering health information over time from younger patients with cancer may help doctors find better methods of treatment and on-going care.

This study will be a non-randomized pilot trial using Cyclophosphamide and Sirolimus for the treatment of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer. Patients will be treated with Sirolimus 4 mg, PO, days 1-28 as well as Cyclophosphamide 100 mg, PO, days 1-5 and 15-19. Cycle length will be 28 days. Patients will be monitored closely for toxicity and undergo imaging to evaluate efficacy once every 2 cycles.

This is a prospective study for the long-term follow-up (LTFU) of safety and efficacy for all pediatric and adult participants exposed to Gene-modified (GM) T cell therapy participating in a previous Celgene sponsored or Celgene alliance partner sponsored study.

Participants who received at least one GM T cell infusion will be asked to enroll in this LTFU protocol upon either premature discontinuation from, or completion of the prior parent treatment protocol.

This phase II trial studies how stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitors will affect treatment-free remission in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. When the level of disease is very low, it's called molecular remission. TKIs are a type of medication that help keep this level low. However, after being in molecular remission for a specific amount of time, it may not be necessary to take tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It is not yet known whether stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitors will help patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase continue or re-achieve molecular remission.

This study will fill a scientific gap in the current knowledge providing data for evaluation of the palatal augmentation prosthesis as a therapeutic modality in a robust scientific randomized prospective clinical trial. Positive outcomes from this study have the potential to dramatically alter the most common morbidity of oral cancer therapy, namely speech and swallowing function in a population of patients with T1/T2 tumors of the tongue who are not currently routinely recommended for a palatal augmentation prosthesis.

This study is an access and distribution protocol for unlicensed cryopreserved cord blood units (CBUs) in pediatric and adult patients with hematologic malignancies and other indications.

This trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of targeted therapies in participants with resectable Stage IIA, IIB, IIIA, and select IIIB (T3N2) resectable and untreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors with selected molecular alterations.

The commercialization of MRI fusion biopsies has resulted in a dramatic increase in the use of MRI imaging for prostate cancer. How best to use MRI in the initial prostate biopsy setting given the availability of validated prostate cancer early detection markers is uncertain.This study will allow investigators to determine if prostate MRI is superior to validated panel of laboratory biomarkers (e.g. PCA3, PSA and TMPRSS2:ERG) in the initial biopsy setting.

This study is for the development and validation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters as biomarkers for analyzing extent of disease and quantifying response to treatment in patients with myelofibrosis.